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日本

日本國土由6852個島嶼組成,面積約37.8萬平方公里,人口1.26億,其中3500萬生活於東京都市圈內。

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Japan's Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda gestures in front of a Japanese national flag as he speaks at a joint news conference of the fifth trilateral summit among China, South Korea and Japan at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on Sunday, May 13, 2012. (AP Photo/Petar Kujundzic, Pool)
Taiwan's president-elect Ma Ying-jeou of opposition Nationalist Party smiles during a press conference a day after the presidential election in Taipei, Taiwan Sunday, March 23, 2008. Ma said Sunday he had no immediate plans to visit China and would work to fulfill his campaign pledge to improve relations with the communist neighbor, starting direct flights, allowing more Chinese tourists to visit and helping the island's financial industry go to the mainland. (AP Photo/Vincent Yu)
A copy of Japan's military flag is torn by a protester holding China's national flag outside the Japanese embassy in Hong Kong August 16, 2012, after 14 Chinese activists were detained by the Japanese authorities at the Senkaku or Diaoyu Islands on Wednesday. Japan has decided to deport Chinese activists who were arrested for landing on an island claimed by both Tokyo and Beijing, Kyodo news agency reported on Thursday, a move that could ease tensions between the Asian rivals. REUTERS/Bobby Yip (CHINA - Tags: POLITICS CIVIL UNREST)
South Korean President Lee Myung-bak, right, talks with police officer Yoon Jang-soo as Lee visits islands called Dokdo in Korea and Takeshima in Japan Friday, Aug. 10, 2012. Lee made a surprise visit Friday to islets at the center of a long-running territorial dispute with Japan, ignoring warnings from Tokyo that it would worsen the neighbors' already strained relations. (Foto:Korea Pool/AP/dapd) KOREA OUT
A South Korean protest leader Park Chan-sung leads a rally to protest Japan's sovereignty claims over South Korea's Dokdo islets at the Topgol Park in Seoul, Tuesday, April 12, 2005. They also claimed some Japanese textbooks that are undergoing review by the Japanese government justify Japan's imperialist occupation of neighboring countries, including Korea, during World War II. (AP Photo/Ahn Young-joon).
A demonstrator holds a "No more Fukushima" sign during a rally, protesting against restarting the Ohi nuclear power plant's reactors in front of the prime minister's official residence in Tokyo, Saturday, June 16, 2012. Japan moved closer to restarting the nuclear reactors for the first time since last year's earthquake and tsunami led to a nationwide shutdown. The March 11, 2011 disaster caused radiation leaks at the Fukushima Dai-ichi plant. (Foto:Itsuo Inouye/AP/dapd)
REFILE - QUALITY REPEAT Members of the Free Syrian Army fires during clashes with Syrian Army soldiers in Aleppo's Saif al-Dawla district, August 20, 2012. U.S. forces could move against Syrian leader Bashar al-Assad, President Barack Obama warned, notably if he deploys his chemical weapons against rebels trying to overthrow him. Picture taken August 20, 2012. REUTERS/Zain Karam (SYRIA - Tags: CONFLICT)
Sharp Corp.'s coporate logo is seen as a shopper walks past it at an electronics shop in downtown Tokyo, Japan, 30 July 2009. Sharp Corp. on 30 July reported a group net loss of 25.2 billion yen in the April-June quarter, down from a 24.8 billion yen profit a year earlier, due to sluggish sales of LCD television sets, mobile phones and LCD panels. Sales declined 20 percent on the year to 598.2 billion yen in the quarter. EPA/DAI KUROKAWA +++(c) dpa - Report+++
In this June 2011 photo, the aerial view shows Uotsuri Island, one of the islands of Senkaku in Japanese and Diaoyu in Chinese, in East China Sea. Hong Kong activists trying to reach disputed islands claimed by Japan, China and Taiwan said Wednesday that they were being tailed by Japanese government ships trying to stop them, as territorial disputes continue to raise tensions among Asian powerhouses. (Foto:Kyodo News/AP/dapd) JAPAN OUT, MANDATORY CREDIT, NO LICENSING IN CHINA, HONG KONG, JAPAN, SOUTH KOREA AND FRANCE
A set of remote islands called Dokdo in Korean and Takeshima in Japanese, east of Seoul is seen in this picture taken from a ship August 15, 2012. Seoul says the desolate volcanic islets have been recorded as being a part of Korean territory since 512 but Tokyo says that although it gave up all territorial rights to Korea under the 1951 Treaty of San Francisco, control of the islets was not relinquished to Korea. Japan colonised the Korean Peninsula from 1910 to 1945 by the force. South Korean President Lee Myung-bak on Wednesday warned that conflicts over bitter shared history were complicating ties with former colonial master Japan and urged Tokyo to do more to resolve an emotive dispute over Korean women abducted to serve as sex slaves to wartime Japanese soldiers. REUTERS/Han Jong-chan/Yonhap (POLITICS) NO SALES. NO ARCHIVES. FOR EDITORIAL USE ONLY. NOT FOR SALE FOR MARKETING OR ADVERTISING CAMPAIGNS. THIS IMAGE HAS BEEN SUPPLIED BY A THIRD PARTY. IT IS DISTRIBUTED, EXACTLY AS RECEIVED BY REUTERS, AS A SERVICE TO CLIENTS. SOUTH KOREA OUT. NO COMMERCIAL OR EDITORIAL SALES IN SOUTH KOREA
Chinese activists arrested on suspicion of violating the Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Law at a disputed island in the East China Sea, known as Senkaku in Japan or Diaoyu in China, are escorted by Japan Coast Guard crew members as they disembark from a Japan Coast Guard patrol ship at a port in Naha on the southern Japanese island of Okinawa, in this photo taken by Kyodo August 16, 2012. Japan has decided to deport Chinese activists who were arrested for landing on an island claimed by both Tokyo and Beijing, Kyodo news agency reported on Thursday, a move that could ease tensions between the Asian rivals. Fourteen Chinese activists were arrested on Wednesday after landing and raising a Chinese flag on the rocky, uninhabited isles known as the Senkaku in Japan and the Diaoyu in China. REUTERS/Kyodo (JAPAN - Tags: POLITICS CRIME LAW) DIGITAL MASKING FROM SOURCE. MANDATORY CREDIT. JAPAN OUT. NO COMMERCIAL OR EDITORIAL SALES IN JAPAN. THIS IMAGE HAS BEEN SUPPLIED BY A THIRD PARTY. IT IS DISTRIBUTED, EXACTLY AS RECEIVED BY REUTERS, AS A SERVICE TO CLIENTS. FOR EDITORIAL USE ONLY. NOT FOR SALE FOR MARKETING OR ADVERTISING CAMPAIGNS. YES
In this photo provided by Japan Coast Guard, a Hong Kong fishing boat sails in the water, 52 kilometers (32 miles) west of the Uotsuri Island, one of the islands of Senkaku in Japanese and Diaoyu in Chinese, in East China Sea, Wednesday, Aug. 15, 2012. Hong Kong activists trying to reach the disputed islands claimed by Japan, China and Taiwan said Wednesday that they were being tailed by Japanese government ships trying to stop them, as territorial disputes continue to raise tensions among Asian powerhouses. (Foto:Japan Coast Guard/AP/dapd) EDITORIAL USE ONLY
©Kyodo/MAXPPP - 24/01/2012 ; TOKYO, Japan - The opening ceremony of a 150-day regular Diet session is held in the presence of Emperor Akihito (center, back) at the main hall of the House of Councillors in Tokyo on Jan. 24, 2012. (Kyodo)
epa03354341 (FILE) A January 2009 file photo, taken from a South Korean Navy ship, shows South Korea's easternmost islets of Dokdo, called Takeshima in Japanese, the rocky outcroppings lying in the East Sea around halfway between the Korean Peninsula and Japan. South Korean president Lee Myung-bak is expected to visit Dokdo on 10 August 2012, an unprecedented landmark trip that if realized, would strongly assert Seoul's sovereignty over the territory and could send diplomatic tensions with Tokyo soaring, as Japan also claimes the islets. EPA/YONHAP SOUTH KOREA OUT +++(c) dpa - Bildfunk+++
REFILE - CLARIFYING CAPTION A protester, holding an umbrella painted with a parody of the Tokyo Electric Power Co logo, takes part in an anti-nuclear demonstration to demand a stop to the resumption of nuclear power operations in Tokyo July 1, 2012. Japan has approved the restart of the two reactors at the Kansai Electric Power Ohi nuclear plant, northwest of Tokyo on Sunday despite mass public opposition. Kansai Electric Power Co plans to restart the 1,180-megawatt No.3 unit at its Ohi plant, Japan's first nuclear reactor to come back online since the Fukushima crisis. REUTERS/Yuriko Nakao (JAPAN - Tags: POLITICS CIVIL UNREST)
Doves fly over the cenotaph dedicated to the victims of the atomic bombing at the Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park during the ceremony of the 67th anniversary of the bombing, in Hiroshima, western Japan, Monday, Aug. 6, 2012.(Foto:Itsuo Inouye/AP/dapd). //eingestellt von haz
In this photo taken and released on Aug. 27, 2010 by Japan's Justice Ministry, the trapdoor where a condemned criminal is to stand is marked with a red double square on the floor in an execution room at Tokyo Detention Center when the local media are allowed a rare tour of Tokyo's main gallows in a bid to create more public awareness about capital punishment. Three death row inmates in Japan were executed by hanging on Thursday, March 29, 2012, the country's first executions in more than a year and a half. Japan, along with the United States, is one of the few industrialized countries that still has capital punishment. The room behind the glass window is for witnesses to stand and observe the execution. (Foto:Justice Ministry/AP/dapd) EDITORIAL USE ONLY, NO CROPPING ALLOWED
A radiation monitor indicates 102.00 microsieverts per hour at Tokyo Electric Power Co. (TEPCO)'s tsunami-crippled Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant in Fukushima prefecture, February 20, 2012. Members of the media were allowed into the plant on Monday ahead of the 1-year anniversary of the March 11, 2011 tsunami and earthquake for the second time since the disaster, which triggered the world's worst nuclear crisis since Chernobyl. REUTERS/Issei Kato (JAPAN - Tags: ANNIVERSARY DISASTER BUSINESS ENERGY ENVIRONMENT)
FILE - In this Nov. 23, 2009 file photo, a Japan Airlines plane approaching to Tokyo's Haneda Airport is seen above factory chimneys in Kawasaki, west of Tokyo, Japan. The problems that confront Toyota, Sony and JAL differ, but experts say their struggles have some common themes: the perils of global expansion, a tendency to embrace the status quo, and smugness bred from success or a too-big-to-fail mentality. (ddp images/AP Photo/Koji Sasahara, File)
Protesters march during an anti-nuclear demonstration demanding a stop to the operation of nuclear power operations in Tokyo July 16, 2012. According to local media, tens of thousands of demonstrators took part in the rally on Monday. REUTERS/Kim Kyung-Hoon (JAPAN - Tags: CIVIL UNREST ENERGY)
Japan's Ground Self-Defense Force personnel on rubber boat search for missing people in Aso, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan, Saturday, July 14, 2012. Heavy rain triggered flash floods and mudslides in southern Japan on Thursday, killing nearly two dozens of people. (Foto:Kyodo News/AP/dapd) JAPAN OUT, MANDATORY CREDIT, NO LICENSING IN JAPAN, CHINA, HONG KONG, SOUTH KOREA AND FRANCE
Japanese protesters spreading a banner with a message reading, "We Don't Forgive China's Invasion of Senkaku Islands," shout slogans before setting out on a march down the streets in central Tokyo as an estimated 2,500 protesters take to the streets during a protest against China on Saturday Oct. 16, 2010. (AP Photo/Koji Ueda)
Kyodo/MAXPPP - 16/07/2011 ; NAGOYA, Japan - Photo taken from a Kyodo News helicopter on July 16, 2011, shows the Oi nuclear power plant in the town of Oi, Fukui Prefecture, operated by Kansai Electric Power Co. The plant's No. 1 reactor was halted the same day due to a problem with its cooling system. (Kyodo)